A case of possible drug-induced liver injury due to COVID-19 vaccine.

The patient presented with nausea, appetite loss, and fatigue. She had received two doses of Pfizer/BioN-Tech BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (COMIRNATY) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Acute liver injury was noted 14 days after the first dose of the vaccine. Re-exposure through the second dose worsened the liver injury. After liver biopsy on the third day of admission, methylprednisolone (1000 mg) was administered. Liver histology showed acute hepatitis with diffuse lobular inflammation/necrosis and lymphocyte-dominant infiltra-tion in the portal areas. The patient was diagnosed with drug-induced liver injury due to the COVID-19 vaccine based on the Digestive Disease Week Japan 2004 (DDW-J) scale, which assesses the temporal relationship, liver biopsy, and laboratory findings. With improvements in the blood test parameters, prednisolone was gradually tapered and stopped. One month later, no biochemical signs of relapse were noted. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing liver injury after the administration of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine in Japan.Copyright © 2022 The Japan Society of Hepatology.

A case of possible drug-induced liver injury due to COVID-19 vaccine

The patient presented with nausea, appetite loss, and fatigue. She had received two doses of Pfizer/BioN-Tech BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (COMIRNATYR) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Acute liver injury was noted 14 days after the first dose of the vaccine. Re-exposure through the second dose worsened the liver injury. After liver biopsy on the third day of admission, methylprednisolone (1000 mg) was administered. Liver histology showed acute hepatitis with diffuse lobular inflammation/necrosis and lymphocyte-dominant infiltra-tion in the portal areas. The patient was diagnosed with drug-induced liver injury due to the COVID-19 vaccine based on the Digestive Disease Week Japan 2004 (DDW-J) scale, which assesses the temporal relationship, liver biopsy, and laboratory findings. With improvements in the blood test parameters, prednisolone was gradually tapered and stopped. One month later, no biochemical signs of relapse were noted. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing liver injury after the administration of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine in Japan. Copyright © 2022 The Japan Society of Hepatology.

Business Process Transformation During Covid-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced companies to change their business processes under the constraint that they have to try reducing the face-to-face contact between their employees and customers. In this paper, the authors present the results of an analysis of business process transformation (BPT) during the COVID-19 pandemic from the viewpoint of a psychological contract and communication tool. The concept of the psychological contract was developed by Rousseau. In order to clarify the relationship between the psychological contract and the BPT effect, the authors developed a research model that consists of a psychological contract of an ordinary work environment, a psychological contract of BPT and BPT effectiveness. A survey was conducted in October, 2021 for the analysis. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.